Category: Biology

Discuss how Jared’s profile (age, health status, etc.) can affect his susceptibility to lead toxicit. Consider the ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) of lead in this case study.

Unit 2 Case Study

Discuss how Jared’s profile (age, health status, etc.) can affect his susceptibility to lead toxicit.

Consider the ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) of lead in this case study.

Discuss the most likely route of absorption of lead in this case study

Lead is not metabolized by the liver. Explain Phase 1 and 2 reactions. Would the lead in Jared’s body undergo blot ansforrnation any

If you were the safety supervisor at the battery manufacturing plant where Jared works, what would be some points that you address with him to avoid further exposure to lead at work?

Explain why patients with type diabetes might enter a state of diabetic ketoacidosis? Are ketosis and ketoacidosis the same?Have you ever tried the keto diet yourself? And what do you think about it?

Ketoacidosis vs Ketosis



watch videos and
Explain why patients with type diabetes might enter a state of diabetic ketoacidosis?
Are ketosis and ketoacidosis the same?
Have you ever tried the keto diet yourself? And what do you think about it?

What was the purpose of layering the oil on top of the solutions in all 6 tubes?Considering the contents of tube 1, explain why it is the negative control for this experiment.

Attach graph to Lab Report.
1. During this experiment, gas pressure was measured. By what process was the gas produced?
___________________________________ Which gas was it? _____________________________________
2. Yeast was added to all the tubes, but not all of them produced the gas. What had to be
present in order for the gas to be made? ____________________________________________________
3. This experiment was run at approximately 45

C. When performed at room temperature (24C),
little if any gas would have been produced within the 15-minute sampling time. Why? (Hint:
Refer back to Lab 9 on Enzymes.) ___________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
4. What was the purpose of layering the oil on top of the solutions in all 6 tubes? __________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
5. Considering the contents of tube 1, explain why it is the negative control for this experiment.
__________________________________________________________________________________________
6. Study the line on the graph for tube 2. Note that it increased steadily. However, at some point
it will level off. Offer an explanation as to why. ______________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
7. Compare the amount of gas produced in tube 3 to that of tube 2. How does the concentration
of glucose affect the rate of fermentation? _________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
Table 1: Results.
test tube rate (kPa/min)
(record to 2
decimal places)
1: 0% glucose
2: 1% glucose
3: 5% glucose
4: 5% galactose
5: 5% glucose + NaF
_____6: 5% glucose + KCN
_____

96 Lab 10: Alcohol Fermentation

8. Compare the amount of gas produced in tube 4 to that of tube 3. Galactose is an isomer of
glucose. Are the yeast enzymes able to metabolize galactose as they do glucose? ___________
Considering enzyme specificity, explain these results. ________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________

9. NaF is the enzyme inhibitor in tube 5.

a. Did any fermentation occur in test tube 5? ______________________________________________

b. Because NaF blocks the last enzyme of glycolysis, what end product of glycolysis is not
produced when NaF is present?________________________________________________________

c. Why does the lack of this end product stop fermentation? ________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

d. Does NaF inhibit enzymes located in the cytoplasm or the mitochondria? __________________

10. KCN is the enzyme inhibitor in tube 6.

a. Since KCN is an enzyme inhibitor, why was there gas production in this tube? ______________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

b. Does KCN inhibit enzymes located in the cytoplasm or the mitochondria? _________________

c. Compare the slopes for tubes 3 and 6. Explain why they are very similar. ___________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________

11. Fermentation does not produce any ATP. So, what is its value to the yeast? ___________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________

12. Why is this type of fermentation called alcohol fermentation? (Be specific.) ___________________

13. Refer to Figure 1 to answer the following questions.

a. The initial substrate, ___________________, has _______ carbons.

b. The final product of alcohol fermentation is two molecules of ________________ with a total
of ______ carbons.

c. What happened to the “missing” carbons? ______________________________________________

14. Give 2 potential sources of error in this experiment. _

Explain Intracellular Glucose and Binding of Hexokinase and Phosphofructokinase to Particulate Fractions Increase under Hypoxia in Heart of the Amazonian Armored Catfish (Liposarcus pardalis)

Explain Intracellular Glucose and Binding of Hexokinase and Phosphofructokinase to Particulate Fractions Increase under Hypoxia in Heart of the Amazonian Armored Catfish (Liposarcus pardalis)

Explains and justifies that selected evaluation metric.Summarises the economic viability of the wind turbines without the

Explains and justifies methodology, summarises findings and recommends an appropriate subsidy for local government to contribute, and highlights limitations with the analysis and recommendations.

To complete this task, your manager has requested the following:

The financial analysis is to be completed in Excel. The file is to be easily adjustable for different

scenarios and all inputs must be in the one sheet called ‘Assumptions’.

The report is to be short (600 words + 20% tolerance) and written for a person with a basic

understanding of financial analytical tools as the investment team will provide the report to local

government and the Port of Brisbane. The report should have the following sections:

Brief outline of task, methodology and recommendation.

Explains and justifies that selected evaluation metric.

Summarises the economic viability of the wind turbines without the

Highlights the key limitations with the analysis and recommends additional analysis to alleviate these limitations where appropriate

Determine chemical names and/or chemical formula for diatomic or simple polyatomic compounds and draw a Lewis structure, construct a molecular geometry and determine the polarity for a covalent compound.

Course Outcomes:

Apply the scientific method to propose a hypothesis and set up an experiment including positive and negative controls and appropriate units of measurement.

Predict the numbers of protons, neutrons, and electrons given the atomic symbol or limited information for a specific isotope of an element and relate them to atomic mass and charge.

Determine chemical names and/or chemical formula for diatomic or simple polyatomic compounds and draw a Lewis structure, construct a molecular geometry and determine the polarity for a covalent compound.

Balance chemical equations, calculate the molar mass of all compounds in the reaction and demonstrate how mole ratios play a role in stoichiometry.

Predict how a change in one or more of the parameters of a gas alters dependent gas parameters such as pressure, volume or temperature.

Calculate the concentration and volume of a solution given solute and solvent parameters.

Predict the properties of and identify reduction and oxidation agents as well as acids and bases by analysis of chemical formulas, chemical reactions, and solution pH values.

Differentiate the common classes of organic functional groups and identify the appropriate common or IUPAC names, applications, and chemical structures for simple organic compounds,

Differentiate between the types of radio-active decay at the subatomic level and provide real-world applications, sources, and risks.

Contrast the synthesis, composition, structure and functions of major biological macromolecules and Illustrate the process of flow of genetic information.

Gene editing has been a hot topic in molecular and cell biology, and curious where you stand. Are there some instances or certain types of gene therapy where it’s ethically ok, and some where it isn’t?

Gene Therapy

Would like you to present your thoughts and opinions on gene therapy, and the use of genetic engineering in humans. Gene editing has been a hot topic in molecular and cell biology, and curious where you stand. Are there some instances or certain types of gene therapy where it’s ethically ok, and some where it isn’t?

Answer each question in detail.

Explain the affects of the autonomic nervous system on heart activity.Explain the different blood types and a transfusion reaction.

Exam 1

An appropriate diagram/graph is included to enhance the topic’s

points. The diagram/graph could be student-created or an image from the

5 points:

There are no grammatical and/or spelling errors.

5 points:

Each topic question is answered in a minimum of 250 words.

Short Answer Topic #1:

Explain the action potential of a cardiac pacemaker cell.

Short Answer Topic #2:

Explain the action potential of a cardiomyocyte cell.

Short Answer Topic #3:

Explain the cardiac cycle.

Short Answer Topic #4:

Explain the affects of the autonomic nervous system on heart activity,

including the specific receptors.

Short Answer Topic #5:

Explain the different blood types and a transfusion reaction.

Short Answer Topic #6:

Explain the clotting pathways

What is the chief cation of extracellular fluid? What is the primary anion of extracellular fluid? What is the primary/chief cation of intracellular fluid? What is the primary/chief anion of the intracellular fluid?

Fluid, Electrolytes, and Acid/Base Balancing
What are the two fluid compartments of the human body and roughly how much fluid is in each compartment?

What are the membranes that make up the two fluid compartments?

What is defined as an inorganic compound that dissociates into ions and is closely related to fluid balance?

What is the largest way that we gain water, how about lose water?

The level of _______ determines the volume of metabolic water formed.

What are the four different triggers that can trigger the thirst response?

Where is the thirst center found?

What are the two main solutes found in urine?

What are the three major hormones that control renal secretion and reabsorption of Na+ and Cl-?

What is the major hormone that regulates water loss?

What is water intoxication and how could it happen in the human body? What is the mechanism in which water is pushed into the cells?

If you had a patient that is severely dehydrated, what type of solution would you want to give that patient in their IV and why?

What is the chief cation of extracellular fluid? What is the primary anion of extracellular fluid? What is the primary/chief cation of intracellular fluid? What is the primary/chief anion of the intracellular fluid?

A client is experiencing numbness and tingling in their fingers and lips while donating blood plasma. You suspect that the client is experiencing mild _________. You work quickly to have them drink some _________ to replenish their _________ levels before they start experiencing more severe symptoms like laryngeal spasms, tetany, and convulsions.

Normal arterial blood pH ranges from _____ to ______.

Example: blood pH is 7.25 is
Example: blood pH is 7.63 is
Example: blood pH is 7.44 is (is this compensated blood?)
Indicators that this is compensated blood are:

What are the mechanisms that maintain normal blood pH range in order of how quickly they are activated?

What are the three chemical buffer systems and how do each help to maintain normal blood pH?

You have a client that was given some bad news. They begin to hyperventilate. What would you anticipate seeing happen to their blood pH level and how would their HCO3- levels change? What would happen to their body to compensate for the change in pH?

You have a client with blood chemistry levels of a pH of 7.32 and find that their HCO3- levels are 22 mEq/L (Normal range is: 23-30 mEq/L). What is happening to their body?

The patient is now hyperventilating. Can you explain why they this is a normal response?

A young kid is having a tantrum and is holding their breath because they are angry. After a short period of time, what would you expect their blood pH to look like? What about their HCO3- levels? What would be used to compensate for this change?

After time the blood pH should start to go DOWN. You should see bicarbonate levels go UP. Kidneys should begin to increase secretion H+ and increase reabsorption of HCO3-. This will make their blood pH go back UP.