Tag: Pathophysiology

Select a medication used in evidence-based treatment guidelines for the condition chosen in the first discussion question. Share the mechanism of action of this medication and hints for monitoring, side effects, and drug interactions of which one should be aware. Make sure that you select a different medication than your peers.

ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

Select a medication used in evidence-based treatment guidelines for the condition chosen in the first discussion question. Share the mechanism of action of this medication and hints for monitoring, side effects, and drug interactions of which one should be aware. Make sure that you select a different medication than your peers.

Include the name of the medication in the subject line so that the medications can be followed. Include your references in APA style.

Describe respitory and cardiac assesment and why a paramedic won’t make a choice and why they wouldn’t when dealing with patients with chest pain and shortness of breath.

Pathophysiology: chest pain and shortness of breath

Consits of 4 main parts, first talking about the assessment of a patient with shortness of breath then talking about the management and then moving onto the assessment of chest pain and then management of cardiac condition, it must be 4000 words on the dot and has to have the university layout followed which will send, referencing must be ‘harvard anglis ruskin’ basically must describe respitory and cardiac assesment and why a paramedic would make a choice and why they wouldn’t when dealing with patients with chest pain and shortness of breath.

Need minimum 15 references no websites allowed must be books,journals and articles.

What are the common conditions associated with papulosquamous eruptions in children? List at least 3 common conditions and include the pathophysiology of each condition.

Dermatological Disorders

Answer the following questions based on the Clinical Case Scenario listed below:

1. What are the characteristics of papulosquamous eruptions? Be thorough and descriptive.

2. What are the common conditions associated with papulosquamous eruptions in children? List at least 3 common conditions and include the pathophysiology of each condition.

3. What are the appropriate treatments for common papulosquamous eruptions? Why?

4. When should children with papulosquamous eruptions be referred to a dermatologist?

5. Define the following: a) confluent, b) papular, c) papulosquamous, and d) rhinorrhea

Clinical Case Scenario:

A 7-month-old boy presents with an erythematous, confluent, slightly raised, and scaly rash on his cheeks; and his extremities are also covered with a fine papular rash.

The infant has had some scaling behind the ears and on the scalp since early infancy, but the symptoms have recently increased. The mother applies baby oil to the scalp to relieve scaliness.

Except for some intermittent rhinorrhea, the infant has otherwise been well. Immunizations are deficient; he received only the first set when he was two months old. The family history is positive for bronchitis.

The infant’s weight is at the 75th percentile, and the height is at the 50th percentile. Vital signs are normal. The physical examination is normal, except for the presence of the rash.

Analyze processes related to women’s and men’s health, infections, and hematologic disorders

Concept of Women’s and Men’s Health, Infections, and Hematologic Disorders

Description

42-year-old man presents to ED with 2-day history of dysuria, low back pain, inability to fully empty his bladder, severe perineal pain along with fevers and chills.

He says the pain is worse when he stands up and is somewhat relieved when he lies down.

Vital signs T 104.0 F, pulse 138, respirations 24. PaO2 96% on room air. Digital rectal exam (DRE) reveals the prostate to be enlarged, extremely tender, swollen, and warm to touch.

When reviewing the  you will only addressed the portion of the that applies to your assigned case study. Be sure to include an introduction, conclusion

• Analyze concepts and principles of pathophysiology across the life span

• Analyze processes related to women’s and men’s health, infections, and hematologic disorders

• Identify racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning

• Evaluate the impact of patient characteristics on disorders and altered physiology

Identify relevant incidence, epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, taxonomy, clinical manifestations, cultural factors, genetic factors and assessment issues.

PTSD

Don’t need diagnosis from DSM 5, Chose Post traumatic stress disorder

This assignment will facilitate synthesis of knowledge on psychiatric disorders, epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, taxonomy, clinical manifestations, cultural factors, and assessment issues.

Utilizing technology, create a PowerPoint presentation for Blackboard, Each student is expected to independently and comprehensively explore and analyze the pathophysiology, pharmacology, evidence-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches and clinical decision- making, based on published peer-reviewed guidelines, clinical decision rules, research trials, etc.

Groups will also identify a professional issue related to your most likely diagnosis (e.g. insurance, reimbursement, access to care, ethical issues, safety and quality issues).

A PowerPoint template will be provided. Student presentations will be evaluated using a standardized scoring.
TO RECEIVE FULL CREDIT FOR THIS ASSIGNMENT, EACH STUDENT MUST UPLOAD COMPLETED SLIDES TO BLACKBOARD NO LATER THAN WEDNESDAY, JULY 21, 2021 AND PRESENT THE CASE STUDY DURING CLASS ON THURSDAY, JULY 22, 2021.

Each presentation will be 15 minutes.

a) Chose a diagnosis from the course

b) Identify relevant incidence, epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, taxonomy, clinical manifestations, cultural factors, genetic factors and assessment issues.

c) Discuss the current direction of research for that diagnosis

d) Clinical decision-making and treatment

e) Professional Issues (e.g. insurance, safety, ethical)

f) Reference list (cited using APA 7th edition)

What did you learn that you can apply to future patients in yourcare? What is your plan to make any weakness a future strength?

System Jenna Simpson, 24 years old Suggested GI/GUNursing Assessment Skills

Demonstrated: GI/GU:Inspection:skin (coloration, vascularity, striae, scars, lesions, rashes)

•Contour –(flat, rounded, scaphoid, protuberant/distended)

•Umbilicus –contour•Symmetry (relaxed, supine position)

•Abdominal movement during breathing

•Aortic pulsationsAuscultation: (completed before palpation/percussion to not alter bowel sounds)

•Bowel sounds –1 minute per quadrant up to 5 minutes with the diaphragm

•Intensity, pitch, frequency

•Vascular sounds –listen for bruits with bell. Percussion:

•Percuss for tonein a systematic fashion to all quadrants•Percuss liver span

•Dull percussion to liver and kidney (costovertebral angle –12thrib)

•Tympany to other parts of the abdomenPalpation:

•Light palpation to all quadrants –1 to 2 cm to detect tenderness•Deep palpation to all quadrants –5 to 6 cm for masses (location, size, shape, pulsatility, mobility, tenderness)

•Palpate bladder-light palpation ONLY; you only want to assess to see if it is distended•Palpate liver

•Palpate spleen•PalpatekidneysMake Learning Active!

•Role play or go through the interview/body assessment process –student to student or as a group

.•Review the case study as an application exercise in small groups or together as a class

. •Depending on your program,some content in the case study may not have been taught. Do not let that prevent you from utilizing this case study! Use it to promotelearning by having students identify what they do not yet know and guidewhere they can find the information in the textbook or on the internet to address knowledge gaps. Thisis educational best practice and another way to scaffold knowledge!

© 2019Keith Rischer/www.KeithRN.comPresent Problem:Jenna Simpson is a 24-year-old Caucasian femalewho weighs 210 pounds (95.5 kg-BMI of 36.5)who presents to the emergency departmentwith sudden onset of sharp pain inthe right side of herlower back that radiates tothe right sideof her abdomenand into her groin.

The pain started tenhours ago, but lasted only 15 minutes and then went away. She took ibuprofen 600 mg PO an hour ago but has not helped,andthe pain persists.

She statesthat this pain is different than when she has epigastric pain because of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

She feels nauseated but has not vomited. Jenna appears uncomfortable and pleads with the triage nurse, “do something to get rid of this pain!

What is wrong with me?

”What data from the present problemare RELEVANT and must be interpreted as clinically significant by the nurse?

(Reduction of Risk Potential)RELEVANT Data from Present Problem:

Clinical Significance:What is the RELATIONSHIP of your patient’s past medical history (PMH) and current meds?

(Which medication treats which condition? Draw lines to connect.)PMH:Home Meds:Pharm.

Class:Mechanism of Action (own words):AnxietyGastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)Alprazolam 0.5 mg PO every 8 hours PRNPantoprazole 10 mg PO BIDPatient Care Begins:What vital signs are abnormal?

What is thereason(pathophysiology) for these findings?

(Reduction of Risk Potential/Health Promotion and Maintenance)AbnormalVS:Clinical Significance:Current VS:P-Q-R-S-T Pain Assessment:T: 98.9 F/37.2 C(oral)Provoking/Palliative:Nothing changes the levelof painP:92(regular)Quality:Sharp, severeR: 28(regular)Region/Radiation:

Right back/flank that radiates into RLQ and groinBP:148/84Severity:10/10O2 sat:99% room airTiming:Constant the past hourJenna is quickly brought to a room.

Youare the nurse andquickly collect the following assessment data:
© 2019Keith Rischer/www.KeithRN.

What assessment findings are abnormal? Whatis thereason (pathophysiology) for these findings?

(Reduction of Risk Potential/Health Promotion & Maintenance)RELEVANT Assessment Data:Clinical Significance:

Put it All Together and Think Like a Nurse!1.Interpreting relevant clinical data, what is the most likely primary problem?

What body system(s) will you assess most thoroughly based on the primary/priority concern?

What’s the problem?What’s causing the problem?(explain pathophysiology in OWN words)PRIORITY Body Systemto Assess:Current

Assessment:GENERAL APPEARANCE:Obesefemaleissitting upright in bed.Alert, oriented, , in moderate distress, dress appropriate for the season, hygiene and grooming normalfor age and gender, anxious, body tense, +grimacing, appears to be uncomfortable.

RESP:Breath sounds clear on inspiration and expiration in all lobes anteriorly, posteriorly, and laterally,with equalaeration bilaterally ant/post, nonlabored respiratory effortwith + tachypneic.Posture erect, sitting in bed, in moderate distress, on room air, AP diameter 1:2, symmetryof the thoracic cavity noted with inspiration and expirationCARDIAC:

Pink,warm & dry, no edema, heart sounds regular with no abnormal beats, pulses strong, equal with palpation at radial/pedal/post-tibial landmarks, briskcap refill, carotid pulse 3+ and regular bilaterally. Heart tones audible and regular, S1 and S2,noted over the 5cardiac landmarkswith no abnormal beats or murmurs. No JVD noted at 30-45 degrees.

NEURO: Alert & oriented to person, place, time, and situation (x4); muscle strength 5/5 in both upper and lower extremities bilaterally.

GI:Abdomen flat, soft, bowel sounds audible per auscultation in all four quadrants, nontenderto gentle palpation in all four quadrantsGU:Voiding without difficulty, dark amber/rustycolor with recentvoid to collect urinespecimen

INTEGUMENTARY: Skin warm, dry, intact, normal color for ethnicity. No clubbing of nails, cap refill <3 seconds.Hair short, brown, soft. Hair distribution normalfor age and gender. Skin integrity intact, skin turgor elastic, no tenting present © 2019Keith Rischer/www.KeithRN.com2.Which specific nursing assessments for this body system are most important?

Validate successful completion of each nursing assessment on a manikin (if available) identified with peer or faculty initials.

PRIORITY Nursing Assessments:

Rationale:Validate Student Performance:

3.What is the current nursing priorityand plan of care? Nursing PRIORITY:PRIORITY Nursing Interventions:Rationale:Expected Outcome:

4.State the rationale and expected outcomes for the medical plan of care. Medical Management:Rationale:Expected Outcome:Establish peripheral IVHydromorphone 1 mg IVPKetorolac 15 mg IVPOndansetron 4 mg IVPRadiology Reports:

What diagnosticresults are RELEVANT and must be interpreted as clinically significant by the nurse?

(Reduction of Risk Potential/Physiologic Adaptation)Radiology: CT PelvisResults:Clinical Significance:4 mm stone in the distal right ureter © 2019Keith Rischer/www.KeithRN.comLab Results: Urinalysis + UA MicroColor:Clarity:Sp.

What lab results are RELEVANT and must be recognized as clinically significant by the nurse?

(Reduction of Risk Potential/Physiologic Adaptation)RELEVANT Lab(s): Clinical Significance:Complete Blood Count (CBC)WBCHGBPLTs% NeutsBandsCurrent:10.214.2285720RELEVANT Lab(s)

: Clinical Significance:Evaluation: Thirty Minutes Later…Current VS:Most Recent:Current PQRST:T: T: 98.9 F/ 37.2 C(oral)Provoking/Palliative:P: P:92(regular)Quality:R: R: 28(regular)Region/Radiation:BP:

BP:148/84Severity:O2 sat:O2 sat:99% room airTiming:Evaluate the response to nursing and medical interventions.

All orders have been implemented.What would be the EXPECTED response inclinical data collected ifher pain and anxietyare decreased?

© 2019Keith Rischer/www.KeithRN.com1.What data is RELEVANT and must be interpreted as clinically significant by the nurse?

(Reduction ofRiskPotential/Health Promotion and Maintenance)RELEVANT VS Data:Clinical Significance:

TREND: Improve/Worsening/Stable

:RELEVANT Assessment

Data: Clinical Significance:

TREND: Improve/Worsening/

Stable:2.Has the status improved or not as expected to this point?

Does your nursing priority or plan of care need to be modified after this evaluation assessment?

(Management of Care, Physiological Adaptation)Evaluation of Current Status:Modifications to Current Plan of Care

:3.What did you learn that you can apply to future patients in yourcare? Reflect on your current strengths and weaknesses this case study identified.

What is your plan to make any weakness a future strength?

What Did You Learn?

What did you do well in this case study?

What could have been donebetter?

Current Assessment:GENERAL APPEARANCE:RESP:CARDIAC:NEURO:GI:GU:INTEGUMENTARY:

What is the most likely cause or underlying pathophysiology requiring treatment? What other social and ethical issues may be important to their treatment?

This is an individual assignment, but is closely linked to group activities undertaken as part of the integrated learning days in semester 1 and semester 2.

The skills developed during those sessions are fundamental to the approach required to complete this assignment and your attendance at both integrated learning days is strongly recommended.

You are required to write an essay based on your allocated patient-centred case study.

You should take into account each aspect of the patient scenario and your essay must be written in a clear and concise scientific writing style, using appropriate reference sources.

The word limit is 2000 words (excluding references).

In order to write the essay and demonstrate the multidisciplinary knowledge relating to the role of the pharmacist and patient safety, you will need to consider the following aspects of your case study:

The Patient

What age and sex are they?

What other social and ethical issues may be important to their treatment?

The Condition

What is the most likely cause or underlying Pathophysiology requiring treatment?

The Treatment

What is/are the Physicochemical and Pharmacological properties of the drug(s) to be used?

The Formulation & Regime

How is/are the drug(s) formulated?

How frequently is/are the drug(s) to be administered?

Are there any adverse reactions to be aware of?