After the reading, answer the following questions:
Explain the pupillary light reflex.
Include a brief description of the procedure or reflex itself. Include the pathway of stimulation and the specific divisions of the nervous system involved with pupil constriction and pupil dilation.
Include the specific nerves involved as well as the specific muscles involved with pupil constriction and pupil dilation.
Explain the auditory pathway.
Include the structures in the ear that are stimulated from the start of the sound entering the ear to the neurological receptors in the inner ear.
Include the neurological pathway from the inner ear to the brain and any other areas sound information is sent to in the central nervous system.
In the article, they discussed changes to the pupil in response to emotion.
Identify the areas in the nervous system involved with emotion.
Explain how the different nervous systems (ANS, PNS, CNS, special senses) work together to influence a pupillary response.
Besides pupil dilation and pupil constriction, the ANS is responsible for changes in other organ systems.
Identify changes that occur in the body due to the sympathetic nervous system and changes that occur in the body due to the parasympathetic nervous system.