Case scenario essay
1.What underlying endocrine condition is indicated by Sandra’s blood test, as well as the signs and
symptoms (clinical features) she is experiencing? Describe the pathophysiology of the condition. You
need to explain the following aspects in this section and link them to Sandra:
Identify the underlying condition
Interpret Sandra’s blood test results and clinical features, and link back to Sandra
Include at least 4 risk factors relevant to Sandra
Explain the pathophysiology of the specific condition Sandra is suffering from, making links to
Sandra throughout
Explain at least 5 complications of this condition that are relevant to Sandra
Further blood test results reveal that Sandra’s blood glucose level (BGL) is 12.9 mmol/L [3.9-6.1
mmol/L]; HbA1c: 9% .
Sandra’s GP referred her to an Endocrinologist. Her conditions, blood test results and medications
were reviewed by the specialist. Sandra was advised to stop metformin and prescribed Tab
Sitagliptin (Januvia) 50 mg daily in addition to glipizide 5 mg (Minidiab) half a tablet daily.
The
Endocrinologist also added Tab Carbimazole 5 mg daily for managing her recently developed signs
and symptoms, and the related Endocrinological condition.
Identify 4 risk factors potentially causing Sandra’s high BGL and HbA1c. Discuss how each risk
factor affects BGLs and HbA1c.
Discuss the three medications Sandra is prescribed by the Endocrinologist. Include in your answer
the action, complications, relevant side effects and relevant nursing considerations linked to Sandra’s
situation.
Explain five complications that Sandra could experience if her blood glucose level (BGL) and
HbA1c remain high.
Identify and briefly discuss four preventive measures Sandra could use to reduce her risk of
developing complications related to T2DM.
Add a conclusion in your own words (no new reference should be added in the conclusion)
